Chapter 6: Launch Operations
Go/No-Go criteria, Beta testing strategies, Friction logging.
Launch is a Learning Event, Not a Marketing Event
Most founders treat launch day as a celebration—the culmination of months of hard work. In reality, launch is just the beginning. It's when you finally start learning at scale.
Your beta launch isn't about acquiring thousands of users. It's about finding 50-100 people who can validate your hypotheses and help you improve the product.
The Core Insight
A crashed app yields no data about desirability—only about feasibility. Before launching, you need rigorous Go/No-Go criteria to ensure you're testing the right questions, not fighting fires.
Bug #1: Launching Before You're Ready
The temptation is to ship as soon as the core features work. But if critical infrastructure is broken, you'll spend your entire beta firefighting instead of learning.
The Bug
"It mostly works. Let's ship it and fix issues as they come up."
Launching with broken analytics, missing legal pages, or an unstable core loop means your beta is worthless. Users churn before you can learn anything.
The Fix
Use a rigorous Go/No-Go checklist.
Before inviting a single user, verify that core workflows are stable, analytics are firing, legal is in place, and feedback channels exist.
The Go/No-Go Checklist
Don't launch until you can check every box. A crashed app yields no data about desirability.
Core Loop Stability
Can the user complete the "Red Route" (primary value task) without error?
- Sign up → Onboarding → Core action → Value delivered
- Test on 3 different devices/browsers
- Have 5 people outside the team complete the flow
Analytics Ready
Are analytics firing correctly? Launching without eyes is fatal.
- Key events tracked: Sign up, Activation, Core action
- Funnel visibility: Where do users drop off?
- Verify data appears in dashboard before launch
Crash Rate Acceptable
Is the crash-free session rate above 99%?
- Error monitoring set up (Sentry, Bugsnag, etc.)
- No known critical bugs in core workflow
- Graceful error handling for edge cases
Legal & Compliance
Are Terms of Service and Privacy Policy accessible?
- ToS and Privacy Policy published and linked
- Cookie consent if required (GDPR)
- Data handling practices documented
Feedback Channels
Is there an accessible way for users to report issues?
- In-app chat, feedback button, or support email
- Clear process for responding within 24 hours
- Bug tracking system ready to receive reports
Beta Users Identified
Do you have 20+ people ready to test on Day 1?
- Email list of beta invitees prepared
- Welcome email and onboarding sequence ready
- Calendar slots for feedback calls booked
B2B vs. B2C Beta Strategies
The strategy for recruiting and managing beta testers varies significantly by business model. Get this wrong and you'll optimize for the wrong signals.
B2B vs. B2C Comparison
| Dimension | B2C Strategy | B2B Strategy |
|---|---|---|
| Recruitment | Broad outreach: Social, Ads, Waitlists, Product Hunt | Targeted: Personal networks, LinkedIn, Industry events |
| Motivation | Novelty, Status ("Early Access"), Swag, Free tier | Solving critical pain, ROI, Competitive advantage |
| Volume | High (100s-1000s) to test variance and load | Low (10-50) to build deep relationships |
| Engagement | Automated emails, In-app surveys, NPS | 1:1 Customer Success calls, Founder interviews |
| Feedback | Quantitative (Usage data), App Store ratings | Qualitative (Detailed sessions), Feature requests |
| Timeline | Fast iteration cycles (weekly updates) | Slower, more deliberate (bi-weekly or monthly) |
B2B Beta Pro Tips
- Sell, don't give away: Charge something, even $1/month. Paying customers give better feedback.
- Get the decision-maker involved: End-users and buyers often have different needs.
- Document the implementation: B2B products often fail in setup, not usage.
- Promise the roadmap: B2B buyers want to know where you're going, not just where you are.
Bug #2: Invisible Friction
Users leave and you don't know why. They hit friction points that seem obvious in retrospect but were invisible to you because you built the product.
The Bug
"Conversion is low but we don't know where users drop off."
Founders are too close to the product. What feels intuitive to you is confusing to new users. You need fresh eyes.
The Fix
Practice Friction Logging.
Have team members and beta testers use the product while documenting every moment of hesitation, confusion, or annoyance.
Friction Logging: Making the Invisible Visible
Friction Logging transforms your MVP into an MLP by systematically identifying and removing every point where users hesitate, get confused, or feel frustrated.
How to Run a Friction Log Session
- Give the tester a task: "Sign up and create your first project"
- Record everything: Screen recording + audio of their narration
- Ask them to narrate: "Say out loud whatever you're thinking"
- Document friction: Every hesitation, confusion, or frustration
- Categorize and prioritize: See the framework below
Example Friction Log Entry
"I clicked 'Sign Up' but didn't see a confirmation email. I felt anxious. I waited 30 seconds, then checked spam. It was there. But the confirmation link was broken on mobile—had to open on desktop. Finally got in, but by then I was frustrated before even starting."
Friction Categories
Interaction
UI bugs, buttons don't work, elements overlap, broken links, slow loading
Cognitive
Confusing copy, unclear next steps, too many options, jargon, unexpected behavior
Emotional
Frustration, distrust, anxiety, embarrassment, feeling stupid
Friction Priority = Impact × Frequency
Prioritize friction that affects your core flow and happens to many users. A confusing setting in an obscure menu is less important than a broken onboarding step that everyone hits.
Your Beta Launch Checklist
Before Inviting Your First User
| Go/No-Go passed: All criteria in the checklist above are met | |
| Analytics verified: Test events are appearing in your dashboard | |
| Feedback tools ready: In-app feedback, session recording, interview calendar | |
| Communications prepared: Welcome email, weekly update template, bug response template | |
| Team aligned: Who responds to bugs? Who runs interviews? Who analyzes data? | |
| First users identified: 20+ people ready to test on Day 1 |
Key Takeaways
Remember These Truths
- Launch is for learning. Your goal is 50-100 users who generate insights, not thousands who churn.
- Use Go/No-Go criteria. Don't launch with broken analytics or unstable core workflows.
- Match strategy to model. B2B needs depth; B2C needs volume.
- Practice Friction Logging. Document every hesitation, confusion, and frustration.
- Reduce friction systematically. Removing friction is the fastest path to retention.
Now that your MVP is in users' hands, let's explore how to interpret results and decide whether to persevere, pivot, or perish.
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Start Free TodayWorks Cited & Recommended Reading
RAT vs MVP Philosophy
- 1. Ries, E. (2011). The Lean Startup. Crown Business.
- 2. "Why RAT (Riskiest Assumption Test) beats MVP every time." LinkedIn
- 3. "Pretotyping: The Art of Innovation." Pretotyping.org
- 6. "Continuous Discovery: Product Trio." Product Talk
- 7. "MVP Fidelity Spectrum Guide." SVPG
Minimum Lovable Product
- 8. Olsen, D. (2015). The Lean Product Playbook. Wiley.
- 9. "From MVP to MLP: Why 'Viable' Is No Longer Enough." First Round Review
- 10. "Minimum Lovable Product framework." Amplitude Blog
Hypothesis-Driven Development
- 11. Gothelf, J. & Seiden, J. (2021). Lean UX. O'Reilly Media.
- 12. "Hypothesis-Driven Development in Practice." ThoughtWorks Insights
- 13. "Experiment Tracking Best Practices." Optimizely
- 14. "Build-Measure-Learn: The Scientific Method for Startups." Harvard Business Review
Assumption Mapping
- 15. Bland, D. & Osterwalder, A. (2019). Testing Business Ideas. Wiley.
- 16. "Risk vs. Knowledge Matrix." Miro Templates
- 17. "Identifying Riskiest Assumptions." Intercom Blog
User Story & Impact Mapping
- 20. Patton, J. (2014). User Story Mapping. O'Reilly Media.
- 21. Adzic, G. (2012). Impact Mapping. Provoking Thoughts.
- 22. "Jobs-to-Be-Done Story Framework." JTBD.info
- 23. "The INVEST Criteria for User Stories." Agile Alliance
- 24. "North Star Metric Framework." Amplitude
- 25. "Opportunity Solution Trees." Product Talk
- 26. Torres, T. (2021). Continuous Discovery Habits. Product Talk LLC.
Pretotyping Techniques
- 27. Savoia, A. (2019). The Right It. HarperOne.
- 28. "Fake Door Testing Guide." UserTesting
- 29. "Wizard of Oz Testing Method." Nielsen Norman Group
- 30. "Concierge MVP Explained." Grasshopper
Prioritization Frameworks
- 31. "ICE Scoring Model." ProductPlan
- 32. "RICE Prioritization Framework." Intercom
- 33. "Kano Model for Feature Analysis." Folding Burritos
- 34. "MoSCoW Method Guide." ProductPlan
Build vs Buy & No-Code
- 35. "No-Code MVP Tools Landscape." Makerpad
- 37. "Technical Debt in Early Startups." a16z
- 38. "Prototype Fidelity Selection." Interaction Design Foundation
- 39. "API-First Development Strategy." Swagger
- 40. "Rapid Prototyping with Bubble & Webflow." Bubble Blog
Metrics & Analytics
- 41. Croll, A. & Yoskovitz, B. (2013). Lean Analytics. O'Reilly.
- 42. "One Metric That Matters (OMTM)." Lean Analytics
- 43. McClure, D. "Pirate Metrics (AARRR)." 500 Startups
- 44. "Vanity Metrics vs. Actionable Metrics." Mixpanel
- 45. "Cohort Analysis Deep Dive." Amplitude
- 46. "A/B Testing Statistical Significance." Optimizely
- 47. "Product Analytics Instrumentation." Segment Academy
- 48. "Activation Metrics Framework." Reforge
- 49. "Leading vs Lagging Indicators." Productboard
- 50. "Retention Curve Analysis." Sequoia Capital
- 51. "Feature Adoption Tracking." Pendo
- 52. "Experimentation Velocity Metrics." ExP Platform
Launch Operations & Analysis
- 53. "Soft Launch Strategy." Mind the Product
- 54. "Feature Flag Best Practices." LaunchDarkly
- 55. "Beta Testing Program Design." BetaList
- 56. "Customer Feedback Loop Systems." Canny
- 57. "Rollback Strategy Planning." Atlassian
- 58. "Why Startups Fail: Post-Mortems." CB Insights
- 59. "Pivot vs Persevere Decisions." Steve Blank
- 60. "Learning from Failed Experiments." HBR Innovation
This playbook synthesizes methodologies from Lean Startup, Design Thinking, Jobs-to-Be-Done, Pretotyping, and modern product management practices. References are provided for deeper exploration of each topic.